High-tension transformer



Aug. 18, 1925.

W. PETERSEN ET AL HIGH TENS ION TRANSFORMER 3 Sheets-Sheet Filfid Jan. 26. 1922 Fig. I.

Aug. 18, l 925.

W. PETERSEN ET AL HIGH TENSION TRANSFORMER File -d Jan. 26 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 18-, 1925. 1,549,891

w. PETERSEN ET AL HIGH TENSION TRANSFORMER Filed Jan. 26. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 [fife/770W? -/4. Rafe/"Jen b /4. H6195? Patented Aug. 18 1925,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WALDEMIAR PETERSEN, OF DARMSTADT, GERMANY, AND WILHELM HESS, OF BASEL, SWITZERLAND, ASSIGNOBS TO THE FIRM 0F EMIL HAEFELY & CIEQA. (in, OF BASEL.

SWITZERLAND.

me-n-rnusron TRANSFORMER.

Application filed January 261, 1922. Serial No. 532027.

To all whom it, may concern:

Be it known that we, 'WALDEMAR PETER- SEN, a citizen of the Republic of Germany, and resident of Darmstadt, Germany, pro fessor, and WILHELM lines, a citizen of the Swiss Re ublic, and resident of Basel, Switzerland, iiave invented new and useful Improvements Relating to High-Tension Transformers, of which the following is a full. clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to high tension transformers of the kind in which the coils of the high tension winding are carried upon an insulating hollow sleeve or cylinder which is separated from the low tension winding and the core by an air jacket of ample dimensions, so that stratified or strip like electric discharges only and not'brush or spark discharges can take place inthe high tension field. in order to utilise the air space as satisfactorily as possible a conducting dis charge ring is provided at the high potential end of the high tension winding, this ring being designed to promote uniformity in the strip like discharges. In the case however of a very high tension transformer and-more particularly when the transformer has one terminal earthed, the uniformity and regularity oi the strip like discharges are liable to considerable disturbances owing to slight deviations from symmetry in the electro-static field as, for example, when the transformer is situated with one side in the vicinity of a wall.

The present invention has for its object to provide arrangements applicable to single or poly-phase transformers of the above eneral character for more efiectively stailizing the electrostatic field at the portions of the high tension insulation which are not covered by the winding. According to the present invention one or more stabilizing rin are provided in the space surrounding the igh tension insulation beyond the wind ing, the ring or rings being so formed and situated that a stabilization and as uniform a distribution possible are produced in electrostatic held.

The stabilizing ring or rings may be of any suitable shape, being for instance of circular or angular cross section.

en several stabilizing rings are em ployed these may, as regards their potentials, be graduated by a potential determining device, acting either by conduction, by induction, or by capacity, so that the several rings are maintained at potentials corresponding to their distances from the high tension winding,

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying diagrammatic drawings of Which Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 are views in side elevation partly sectional of high tension transformers of the type above referred to and embodying various forms of the invention. Figure 5 shows a further modified arrangement.

In the construction shown in Figure 1 the primary or low tension windin a of the transformer is arranged on the iron core I) and is surrounded by air air-jacket f, the outer wall. of which is constituted .by the hollow insulating cylinder 9 which carries the high tension winding it. The latter at its high tension end is enclosed by a discharge ring 71 from which proceed slight stratified or strip like discharges along the cylinder 9.

In order to create on the free u per part of the insulating cylinder 9 situated between the upper extremity of the high tension winding h and the iron yoke b and also in the surrounding air an electrostatic field which is as uniform as possible, there are arranged in this space several independent stabilizing rings r, r insulated and at appropriate distances both from each other and from the high tension end of the winding' it, the potentials of these rings being adjusted so as to be graduated according to their distances from the winding h. in the case of a 150,000 volt transformer two stabilizing rings r, W, for instance, may be employed of which the one, r, situated adjacent to the winding it will be maintained 100,000 volts, the other, 1 being mains tained at 50,000 volts. This may be efiected by providin'g'a conductor 8 or 8 which is connected to a tapping in the high tension;

, determining devices the conductors s, s will be unnecessary, and b iving suitable dimensions' to the stabi izing ring or rings, their own electrostatic capacity may be so determined that their'potential is adjusted to the desired value.

In direct electrical connection with the iron yoke b as shown in Figure 1 a dished stabilizing ring t is provided, which, extending outwards to a considerable distance and being at the same potential as the core, contributes to the promotion of uniformity of electrostatic field distribution. The ring 25 may also in certain cases be made use of as a support from which .to suspend the rings 1', r by suitable insulators or insulating members, as indicated by dotted, lines at m (Fig. 1), although the rings may also be supported in other ways, as for example, by arranging that a lower rin shall be carried by a higher one with suita le insulators interposed, thus saving insulating material and necessitating insulation only for the voltage between adjacent rings.

For transformers of lower voltage, one stabilizing ring may be sufiicient, while: for those of higher voltage more than two such rings may be employed, the voltages of which are correspondingly graduated. Generally speaking, the number of stabilizing.

rings'will be determined byflthe voltage of the transformer.

In Figure 2 a construction is illustrated in which, for example, only one stabilizing ring 23 is employed. In-this case it is advisable that the stabilizing ring t shall be of a roof-like formor have the form of a roof-like conical sleeve.

conductor 8 to a point of suitable Figure 3 re resents a single-phase transformer, provi ed on one high tension limb with three stabilizing rings r, 1', r", the upper one, 1, of wh ch is connected by a otential in the winding k on the other lim It is of course possible to mount stabilizing rin s on both limbs of the core, but this is not a ways necessary when one end of the transformer winding is earthed.

In applying the invention to three-phase transformers one or more stabilizing rings may, with advantage, be provided for each limb of the core, the dimensions of the rings being adapted to correspond to the different capacities of the several limbs with regard and on accidental breaking down to limitthe current impulsion in the stabilizing rings and to damp over-tensions on electric oscillations.

What we claim is 1. A high tension transformer of the kind described, comprising an iron core with leg and yoke, concentric insulating bodies .around the whole length of the leg thereof,

low tension andhigh tension windings around a part of said insulating bodies, an ample free air space between the latter, and a stabilizing ring arranged around the outer insulating body in the s ace between the high tension end of the high tension winding and the yoke of the core.

2." A high tension transformer of the kind described, comprising aniron core with leg and'yoke, concentric insulating bodies around the whole length of the leg thereof, low tension and hi h tension windings around a part of said insulating bodies, an ample free air space between the latter, stabilizing rings arranged around the outer insulating body in the ace between the high tension end of the hlgh tension winding and the yoke ofthe core, and potential determinin devices designed to positively maintain sai rings at graduated potentials according to their distances form the high tension winding.

.3. A high tension transformer of the kind described, comprising an iron core with leg and yoke, concentric insulating bodies around the whole length of the leg thereof, low tension and high tension windings around a part of said insulating bodies, an ample free air space between the latter, and a cover-like stabilizing ring arranged around the outer insulatin body in the space between the high tenslon end of the high tension winding and the yoke of the core and so shaped as to produce by its relative own electrostatic capacity alone a Eniiorm distribution of the electrostatic 4. A high tension transformer of the kind described, comprising an iron core with leg and yoke, concentric insulating bodies aroundthe whole length of the leg thereof, low tension and high tension windings around a part of said insulating bodies, an ample free air space between the latter, a

stabilizing ring arranged around the outer insulating body in the space bet-ween the high tension end of the-high tension Winding and the yoke of the core, and conductive potential determinin devices designed to positively maintain sald rings at graduated potentials according to their distances from the high tension vnnding, said devices comprising one or more high ohmic resist- WALDEMAR PETERSEN. VVILHELM HESS. 

